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Learning Objectives
Understand what HTML is and its role in web development.
Learn the difference between HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
Set up your essential development tools.
Create and save your first valid HTML5 webpage.
What is HTML?
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
It is the main language used to create and structure web pages.
HTML tells the browser what to show on a page — text, images, links, videos, and
more.
Think of HTML as the skeleton of every website.
It builds the structure, but not the looks or behavior.
For looks and behavior, we use CSS and JavaScript, which we’ll discuss next.
Why Do We Need CSS and JavaScript?
HTML alone only provides a plain structure.
To make a website beautiful and interactive, we use two other important technologies:
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):
CSS controls how your website looks — colors, fonts, layouts, backgrounds, and
spacing.
Without CSS, every website would look simple and boring.
JavaScript:
JavaScript adds logic and interactivity to a webpage.
It allows things like buttons to react when clicked, sliders to move, or menus to open.
The “House” Analogy: HTML, CSS & JavaScript
Think of building a website as building a house:
1. HTML is the Skeleton: It’s the foundation, walls, and roof. It provides the core
structure.
2. CSS is the Design: It’s the paint, furniture, and landscaping. CSS (Cascading Style
Sheets) makes the house look good.
3. JavaScript is the Functionality: It’s the electricity, plumbing, and appliances.
JavaScript makes the house do things, like turning on a light.
